the East Oriente: The greatest British colony in the East was India.
the Near East Oriente Próximo [including the Middle East]: There is a lot of tension in the Near East.
the Middle East Oriente Medio: Israel is in the Middle East.
the Far East el Lejano/Extremo Oriente
the West Occidente: the values of the West
the North/South Pole el Polo Norte/Sur
the Polar Circle el Círculo Polar: What’s the weather like beyond the Polar Circle?
the Arctic Circle el Círculo Polar Ártico
the Antarctic Circle el Círculo Polar Antártico
the northern hemisphere /ˌnɔːðən ˈhemɪsfɪə/ el hemisferio norte
the southern hemisphere /ˌsʌðən ˈhemɪsfɪə/ el hemisferio sur
the tropics los trópicos
tropical /ˈtrɒpɪkəl/ tropical: a tropical climate
the tropic of Cancer el trópico de Cáncer [in the northern hemisphere]
the tropic of Capricorn /ˈkæprɪkɔːn/ el trópico de Capricornio [in the southern hemisphere]: The tropics are situated between the tropic of Cancer and the tropic of Capricorn.
the equator /ɪˈkweɪtə/ el ecuador on/at the equator en el ecuador: The equator divides the Earth into the northern and southern hemispheres.
equatorial /ˌekwəˈtɔːriəl, ˌiːkwəˈ-/ ecuatorial
latitude /ˈlætɪtjuːd/ la latitud: Latitude is a measurement of location south or north of the equator.
longitude /ˈlɒnʤɪtjuːd/ la longitud: Longitude is measured 180º both east and west of the prime meridian.
meridian /məˈrɪdiən/ meridiano: the Greenwich meridian
the prime meridian el meridiano cero
parallel /ˈpærəlel/ (also parallel of latitude) paralelo: The parallel of latitude is a curving line due to Earth’s spherical nature.