emerald /ˈemərəld/ esmeralda: The emerald formed the unmistakeable shape of an eye.
garnet /ˈgɑːnɪt/ granate: a garnet brooch
jade /ʤeɪd/ jade: A chunky choker of garnet and jade circled her neck.
jasper /ˈʤæspə/ jaspe: The stones used included red jasper.
jet /ʤet/ azabache jet-black negro azabache: jet-black hair
lapis lazuli /ˌlæpɪsˈlæzjʊli/ (also lapis) lapislázuli: Around the skeleton's neck were beads and amulets of lapis lazuli, the much-prized blue stone from eastern Afghanistan.
moonstone /ˈmuːnstəʊn/ piedra lunar: A moonstone glowed in its silver setting as it rested on her forehead. ^ He noticed that she wore a moonstone ring.
onyx /ˈɒnɪks/ ónice: Centuries ago, cameos were carved on onyx or other precious stones.
opal /ˈəʊpəl/ ópalo: He was cracking open rocks looking for opal. ^ opal mining
ruby /ˈruːbi/ rubí: Around her long and delicate throat was an exquisite pendant with a large central ruby from which dangled three tear-shaped pearls.
sapphire /ˈsæfaɪə/ zafiro: a sapphire ring
topaz /ˈtəʊpæz/ topacio: He bought her a topaz pendant.
tourmaline /ˈtʊəməliːn, ˈtɜː-, ˈtɔː-/ turmalina: I drove to this little enclave yesterday in search of a grotto that is supposed to be full of tourmaline.
turquoise /ˈtɜːkwɔɪz, -kwɑːz/ turquesa: He always wore a turquoise ring that belonged to his sister, who got cancer or something horrible like that.
IDIOMS
the Emerald Isle (la verde) Irlanda: “I'm the most wanted man on the Emerald Isle. Except I'm not on the Emerald Isle, of course, more's the pity.” [Braveheart (1995)]
be a rough diamond (British English) / (American English be a diamond in the rough) ser un diamante en bruto: He's rather a rough diamond, but terribly clever.